Beyond 2-3
1. What kind of "motherhood" did Indiana officially promote in the '20s and '30s?
2. What was every child's right, in Indiana?
3. What dismaying transfer of power did Ada Schweitzer inadvertently facilitate?
4. What led to the "exponential" expansion of the Infant and Child Hygiene division?
5. What did Schweitzer call the Better Baby Contest at the fair?
6. Half of what occurred in California before WWII?
7. What role was played by corporate philanthropies and academics in the promotion of eugenics?
8. What happened in Lincoln, IL?
9. What was Hitler's "bible"?
10. How did California eugenicists re-brand themselves after the war?
DQs
- Is there an appropriate role for the state in promoting or mandating particular approaches to parenting?
- How would you articulate children's rights? Would you, for instance, include a right "to be brought up in the fear and admonition of the Lord"? (compare: Indiana child creed, Geneva Declaration of the Rights of the Child, Timeline of young people's rights...)
- Were the Suffragists wrong to "link the language of biology and bacteriology"? 35
- Are there enough female pediatricians? What difference does a physician's gender make?
- Is there still a marked division in this country between the "male medical establishment" and women in healthcare? (40)
- Is there any inoffensive way of expressing and defending the impulse to "raise better babies"?
- What do you think of Schweitzer's statement to "a Muncie reformer" (43)?
- How would you caption the photo in Figure 2.1 (46)?
- Was Francis Galton wrong about "talented people" (54)?
- Are you shocked to learn of the "lethal chamber"?
California's dark legacy of sterilization... Eugenics and the Nazis-the California Connection
Nov 8, 2013 - Uploaded by The Young Turks
Nor did I know that Nazi Germany consulted with California's eugenics leaders in the 1930s. I also was ...
Mar 10, 2003
"California was the second state to pass eugenics laws in 1909," two .... Record Office, in turn, had links to ...
Happy 💞 Day!
1. German lawyers meeting in Berlin in 1934 debated bringing what from the statutes of thirty U.S. states to the Third Reich?
2. Hitler thought the U.S. had made progress toward the creation of what kind of society?
3. What is the real problem of disability?
4. What concept did Quetelet derive from the astronomical "law of error"?
5. Galton's work led directly to what?
6. What state's "fitter families" contest declared that "a sound mind in a sound body is the most priceless of human possessions"?
7. "The Galton Institute" was originally called what?
8. Many scientists continued to believe in what core tenet of eugenics even after the atrocities of WWII?
9. What did Robert Edwards say he learned from the development of IVF?
10. What connects old-school eugenics with more recent "market" versions?
DQs
- Does the extent of U.S. influence on Nazism shed any light on current events? Does it deserve significantly greater attention? Is its relative obscurity a stain on our educational establishment?
- COMMENT: "it's no great surprise that [Nazis] believed that what had made America great was American racism."
- Were you familiar with the views of Jefferson and Lincoln cited on p.62? Are you surprised?
- What do you think of the various euphemisms in current circulation that refer not to disability but to differently abledness, and the like? Do they represent an evolution of awareness and sensitivity? Do they reflect a failure to come to grips with the problem of creating and sustaining a genuinely open and just society? Or...?
- What do you think of the author's analysis of norms and ideals ? (64)
- Norms of the kind the author is concerned with, that make life more difficult for the disabled, are clearly problematic in an ethical sense. But what about the norms that have been flouted lately by the current U.S. president and his administration? Isn't that also ethically problematic-or just wrong? (See Adam Gopnik, "Norms and Cliffs in Trump's America")
- Is it significant, if true, that all the early statisticians were eugenicists? (66)
- Is it true that Darwinian evolutionary theory repudiates the disabled as "defectives to be surpassed by natural selection," (67) in view of the fact that culture now competes with pre-cultural nature for selective influence? (Put another way: culture is an ever-growing part of nature, making the fate and fortunes of the disabled a matter of cultural decision as much as natural default.)
- Is the impulse to perfect the human race entirely misplaced?
- Is men sana in corpore sano a good approach to health and social justice?
- Was Robert Edwards right that soon it will be widely considered a "sin" to have a child with genetic disease?
- Will it ever be widely acceptable to "select the features of future generations much like we currently configure...a new car"?
Ebola kills nearly 100 children in Congo as outbreak rages on
ReplyDeleteBy Alexandria Hein
Published February 11, 2019
Fox News
Two Congolese government soldiers have their feet and motorcycle tires sprayed with bleach as part of an Ebola containment program on the road between Beni and Oicha, in Congo Friday, Feb. 1, 2019.
Two Congolese government soldiers have their feet and motorcycle tires sprayed with bleach as part of an Ebola containment program on the road between Beni and Oicha, in Congo Friday, Feb. 1, 2019. (AP)
Nearly 100 children have died in an Ebola outbreak ravaging the Democratic Republic of Congo as health workers warn it could be far from over. According to a press release from Save the Children, 65 of the 97 children who have died since August were under age 5. Additionally, more than 180 have been orphaned by the disease.
“We are at a crossroads,” Heather Kerr, Save the Children’s Country Director in DRC, said in a press release. “If we don’t take urgent steps to contain this, the outbreak might last another six months, if not the whole year.”
MEASLES OUTBREAK SPURS VACCINATION SURGE IN ANTI-VAXXER HOTSPOT
The outbreak is the second-largest in history, with the charity reporting at least 731 confirmed cases of Ebola within the last six months, and 484 deaths. The country suffered its worst outbreak between 2014 and 2016, which claimed over 11,000 lives and prompted calls for more preventative efforts and the development of an experimental vaccine. However, lack of Ebola knowledge continues to plague relief efforts.
“People don’t yet know what the disease is,” Dr. Brian D’Cruz, of Doctors Without Borders, told the Associated Press.
More than 70,000 people have received an experimental Ebola vaccine, but it remains to be seen how effective it is. According to the Associated Press, some patients who have received doses have contracted the virus, which is spread through contact with an infected person’s bodily fluids. Merck, the drug company behind the vaccine, said it is prepared to ship another 120,000 doses to the Congo by the end of the month.
EBOLA VIRUS FOUND IN BAT IN WEST AFRICA FOR THE FIRST TIME, SCIENTISTS SAY
But scarce availability of the vaccination is not the only roadblock health workers are facing in trying to contain the outbreak. Kerr said aid workers are being threatened by rebels and locals who either don’t believe the virus is real, or who believe it is being spread by the aid workers themselves.
“People have disrupted funerals because they didn’t believe the deceased had succumbed to the virus,” she said in the press release. “Aid workers were threatened because it was believed they spread Ebola. We have to scale up our efforts to reach out to the vocal youth and community leaders to build trust and to help us turn this tide. Treating the people who are sick is essential, but stopping Ebola from spreading further is just as important.”
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The Associated Press reports the outbreak, which is mostly afflicting the eastern region, is nearing Goma, a major border city with a population of over 1 million. The United Nations said earlier this month that a coordinated relief effort was already being sent to the region, which included vaccinating nearly 2,000 front-line workers.
https://www.foxnews.com/health/ebola-kills-nearly-100-children-in-congo-as-outbreak-rages-on
DQs:
1. What responsibility do we have in helping other countries prepare, prevent and treat disease?
2. Is exposure of volunteers too risky?
3. What should be done about the resistance of those who believe aid workers are spreading the disease?
4. What other ethical issues are noticed in this article?
1. Our "responsibility" in the sense of obligation is, in principle, total: all humans are mutually responsible for one another. In practice , we are finite beings whose time and resources are stretched. We really NEED global agencies like the U.N. to step up and act on our behalf, to discharge our shared responsibilities. In practice, again, such agencies are only partly and sporadically effective.
Delete2. No doubt. Fortunately, there are heroes among us.
3. Same thing we're doing to combat the spread of misinformation in our own society: fact-checking, patient education and publicity. It never feels like enough, but we have no choice but to believe the arc of history bends towards truth (and justice).
Here is an information about ebola and how it works in the body to supplement the previous article:
ReplyDeletehttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sRv19gkZ4E0
In response to do we have enough female pediatricians and what effect does gender have on physicians:
ReplyDeleteI believe that we have come along way with gender in medicine. At the place where I work currently, each gender and race is seemingly represented. We live in a time where people shop around for the best prices, the best product and the best doctor, although I do not believe this is true for those who lack the education and resources. Woman and men bring different strengths but also have some of the same weaknesses. There are female physicians with poor bedside manner and there are male physicians who have fantastic bedside manner. I wouldn't support any stereotypes. In the scope of pediatrics, I believe that the person carrying their child to the doctor and the child should choose the gender and personality with which they are most comfortable.
There are certain exams and procedures that I definitely feel more comfortable with in the care of a male physician, and I'm sure the reverse is true for many women. In the case of pediatricians, perhaps there is a residual historical perception that women are better nurturers and thus should be more reassuring to children and their moms... and moms are still more likely to be the parent bringing the kid in for care. But that's slowly changing, right? We're less accepting of the stereotype that treats males as inherently inadequate nurturers. (So says this former "Mr. Mom"!)
DeleteFor instance, maybe? Or maybe not?
Deletehttps://www.nytimes.com/2019/02/11/well/live/a-new-treatment-for-a-painful-penis-curvature.html?rref=well&module=Ribbon&version=context®ion=Header&action=click&contentCollection=Well&pgtype=Multimedia
I think it's important to recognize that individuals have different strengths but all of these strengths can be utilized to create a better experience for patients
DeleteThanks to all of you who routinely post BEFORE noon on class day, I like seeing your comments and posts before class. (HINT HINT NUDGE NUDGE...)
ReplyDeleteHi guys because these chapters focused on the rise of eugenics in American Society and its justification on racism I wanted to share these two clips I found on Youtube. I love hearing other discuss these issues and their understanding on our history.
ReplyDeletehttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JeCKftkNKJ0
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Pi20FIk-vS8
Also, I want to pose a couple of questions. The basis popped in my question after I read an article that a proposed state bill will mandate history courses to discuss the history of LGBTQ community. One of my close friends shared this article, claiming he would move his children to private school if this bill passed. While I read the comment, one particularly shocked me because I have seen the LGBTQ community referred many times by this. The comment said that LGBTQ members were mentally disabled and we had to start recognizing it as a mental "sickness". I cannot express how much this upset me and made me reminisce on the horrible stories I have heard about convulsion therapy. Nonetheless I want to hear your opinions:
ReplyDeleteHow do we overcome and educate the people of our society who accept this as a reality?
Should science classes include a history lesson as well? From what I understand the APA removed homosexuality from the list of mental illnesses in 1973.
Sorry, my second sentence starts off wonky, I dont proofread like the savage I am. Anyhow, extra quiz questions:
ReplyDelete1.What did the states that actively preform sterilization do after the US condemned the practice and teaching of eugenics? (pg 59)
2.When did the US's first genetic antidiscrimination legislation pass? (pg59)
3.What American term was used in exchange of "aryan"? (pg 56)
4.Who did the nazis quote during the Nuremberg trials in their defense? (pg 55)
5.Eugencide was supported by what work and what insitution? (pg 54)
6. Who was a prominent donor to the German research of eugenics? (pg 53)
7.When was the last Better Babies contest held? (pg 47)
2. October 14, 2008
Delete3. Nordic
7. 1932
Alternate Quiz Questions:
ReplyDelete1. What was Indiana State's Board of Health ranked nationwide in 1915? (33)
2. Only what would enable Indiana to become a good parent according to Schweitzer? (40)
3. Which magazine embarked on its Better Baby Campaign? (41)
4. What did Schweitzer tell a Muncie reformer regarding her blend of eugenics and public health? (43)
5. What set the stage for the end of the Division of Infant and Child Hygeine? (47)
6. What did the laboratory complex at Cold Spring Harbor on Long Island, established by the Carnegie Institution, do? (53)
DQ's:
What is your opinion on Schweitzer's ideas of the essentials to creating the most desirable children? (43)
Did the Better Baby Contest essentially become a "dog show" in Indiana where people just cared about winning and grooming their children to perfection for the glory instead of caring about the child's health for their sake?
Do you think Rockefeller knew the the horrible things that Ernst Rudin was going to do with the grant money Rockefeller gave him? If he did, why do you think he went through with it? If he did not, do you think he would have regretted the decision?
I think Rockefeller definitely knew. There is now way he wouldn’t have, however I think there was a justification of wanting to further science. Honestly though, how many racists think they’re in the wrong?
DeleteI have read the foundation continued funding even after learning the research was being used to justify racism and anti-semitism. So JDR, jr. probably knew, but went along with it because he was most likely a racist and anti-Semite as well.
DeleteWe can also see this today in pageants where young children are covered in mounds of makeup and fancy garb. Children that are dieting to be overly thin and don't get the enjoyment of being children. Teaching children healthy eating habits and self care is important but going to far is dangerous. What kind of self-image do these children have and what potential do they have for eating disorders later on? Should we have limitations in beauty pageants. What is make-up wasn't allowed in such pageants and the natural self was celebrated rather than seen as unappealing.
Delete1. terms of effectiveness
DeleteIn response to your question about Rockefeller, I do not believe that he knew what he was specifically giving his money toward; he just knew it was portrayed as a worthy cause. That being said, he most like would have regretted the decision that he made; I know from my position it would be hard not to.
DeleteThis comment has been removed by the author.
ReplyDeleteAlternate Quiz Questions
ReplyDelete1)The success of the Division of Infant and Child Hygiene was due to what in Indiana and what percentage were native Hoosiers? (34)
2)Within a decade Schweitzer had reached half of Indiana's population through what methods? (40)
3)The Better Babies Contest provided a platform for what type of child exploitation? (45)
4)Where did the concept of white, blond-haired, blue-eyed master Nordic race originate? (52)
5)What contributions towards eugenics did the Rockefellar Foundation and the Carnegie Institution make prior to the war? (53)
6)When tried for crimes against humanity, who did the Germans hopelessly cite in their defense? (58)
Alt Quiz questions
ReplyDelete1. California sterilized 9,782 individuals, most of whom were woman. Why? 55
2. What was the most commonly suggested method of eugenicide among thinkers of this ilk in the U.S.? 54
3. What Josef Megele search around for in boxcars during th holocaust? What did he do with what he found? 58
4. What book argued the best method of achieving the goals of eugenics was execution? 54
5. Name two scientific journals mentioned in Eugenics and The Nazis. 53
6. From Making Better Babies, the author notes the line between eugenics and public health was...? 47
7. Was does Schweizer mean by "the gates of heredity"?43
8. What was the crux of the children's bureau mission in Indiana? What was their aim? 37
9. What is progressive maternalism? 35
10. The better babies created a platform for the _______ of public health and the incorporation of the _____ _____ into advertising? 45
1. classified as "bad girls" diagnosed as passionate and oversexed.
ReplyDelete2. Lethal Chamber
3. Twins, beastly experiments
4. Applied eugenics
6. Nebulous and nonexistent
10. Commercialization,"better baby"
1. How many American's did eugenics practictioners coercively sterilize? (52)
ReplyDelete2. What is meant by "ethnic cleansing"? (52)
3. How many solutions were supported by the "Preliminary Report of the Committee..."? (54)
4. Who was Popenoe? (54)
5. Eugenics was born as a __________ in the Victorian Age? (53).
6. What did the Harriman Railroad Fortune do? (53)
7. Where were nearly half of the sterilizations done before WWII? (52)
Alt. Questions:
ReplyDelete-What newspaper sponsored the Better Babies contest in 1923?
-True or False: The staff of The Children’s Bureau consisted of mainly physicians, in order to interpret the manifold problems of their children?
-When was the last contest held?
-What term transitioned into “Germanic” and “Aryan” once the Nazis took part in eugenics?
Does the extent of U.S. influence on Nazism shed any light on current events? Does it deserve significantly greater attention? Is its relative obscurity a stain on our educational establishment?
ReplyDeleteMany Americans today speak publicly either for or against the equality of minorities in society. There does seem to be a resurgence of beliefs in race superiority, I'd like to think that it's just arrogance and ignorance from older generations who are just too stubborn to adapt to the times, but the truth of the matter is that these beliefs are taught and celebrated. If nothing else history should stand as an example of what past transgressions have led to and ways to avoid global conflict while searching for a peaceful coexistence among nations.
I agree. In order to make a better future, we must look to the past and learn from what history has taught us. If we do not, we will just continue to repeat history and issues on coexistence will never be resolved.
DeleteWill it ever be widely acceptable to "select the features of future generations much like we currently configure...a new car"?
ReplyDeleteThis is also a topic of great concern. In an era that is "Pro-Choice" in just about every aspect of life surely someone would argue their right to develop the baby of their choice. We've discussed selecting traits based on preference or convenience (the deaf parents selecting for a deaf child) and based upon simplicity I can only imagine that if given the chance parents would choose to strengthen their child against any risk of maladies. But I believe the critical issue then falls upon the "designer babies" enhanced with physical abilities, potential mental enhancements (although I don't know how you could enhance intellectual acuity) but nonetheless I'm sure there are some willing to try. All though it is an ethical issue I do see variations of this emerging some time in the near future. (within 50-100 years)
Personally, I will always back the idea of genetic engineering for medical purposes like preventing genetic diseases like Alzheimer's or eliminating genetic precursors for diseases like diabetes. However, I will never endorse the idea of selecting the features we desire in future generations like that of a car.
DeleteAlt Quiz Questions:
ReplyDelete1. How did statistics begin in the early modern period? (65)
2. What American idea did Nazi policy makers set out to craft a form of? (61)
3. What was the problem for Galton with his normal distribution curve? (68).
4. What did bills introduced in the English Parliament attempt to control? (71)
5. What was there no American model for in Nazi Germany? (62)
1. Statistics started out as "political arithmetic" and was used mainly for policy-making in government.
Delete2. Second-class citizenship
3. Some of the traits Galton wanted, such as tallness and intelligence, would end up on the extreme end of the normal distribution curve, forcing him to redesign his system.
4. Mentally disabled people
5. Nazi extermination camps
I am curious as to why you all think that in History classes, textbooks mention many of the atrocities of Nazi Germany, but do not mention how many of those atrocities were formed from American ideas?
ReplyDeleteI think Nazi Germany made for an easy scapegoat, similar to how we are taught about Edison instead of Tesla. Americans have designed a system that is easy for them to neglect other countries and masquerade as a type of super country, Do we not label freedom fighters from other countries as terrorists when they simply fight to end oppression from external powers. Would we not be considered terrorists in the same sense during the Revolutionary War.
DeleteEasy answer: because that information isn't on the standardized test, and if it's not on the test, then they don't need to know it. (Sorry, as a former teacher, I'm still a little salty about testing.) However, in most public schools, class curriculum tends to take a wide berth around controversial issues, unless it's an obvious one with clear white and black hats, like slavery and civil rights. No puns intended there. I'm thinking of John Wayne movies.
DeleteWhat is your opinions on the idea of a norm? Is it a good thing or a bad thing? Should we all try to conform to societal "norms" or stand out and be our own individual?
ReplyDeleteI personally believe that the idea of a norm is sometimes necessary in certain perspectives. For example, for those in the medical field, there has to be a norm to compare to in order to diagnose patients. However, in society, I see no place for "norms" because everyone is an individual and individuals is how a society advances. If everyone conformed to the same societal "norm", then society would never move forward.
1. What was one detail omitted from Robert Edward’s Obituary? (73)
ReplyDelete2. What was “coined” by Francis Galton in the late 1800s? (74)
3. How did Karl Pearson define "unfit"? (69)
4. The problem for Galton was that, given his desire to perfect the human race…. ______ was preferable to _______. (68)
5. Who did Heinrich Krieger define as the great American Heroes? (62)
6. What did eugenics become obsessed with the elimination of who? (67)
Alt quiz questions
ReplyDelete1. What nation stood alone regarding anti-miscegenation laws? 61
2. What did the Nazi’s admire about American imperialism, specifically the conquest of the western parts of the U.S. 62
3. During what period did the concept of “disabling” arrive?64
4. How long has the word “norm” held it’s current connotation? What is the words original origin and to what did it refer? 64
5. According to our reading what would be considered the inverse of the ideal? 64
6. In what ways did Galton manipulate the practice of statistics? How did he change the statistical concepts of the law of frequency and the error curve? 67
7. What did almost all early eugenicists have in common? 66
8. To continue with statistics, what is the central insight of statistics? 66
9. How did Galton attempt to redefine the concept of the ideal? 69
10. Who were Heinrich Kriegers heroes? 62