Bioethics

Monday, March 22, 2021

On Immunity (Eula Biss)

...Biological and social, our interdependence is a defining feature not only of our civilization, not only of our species and all living species, but of life itself — life the physiological process and life the psychosocial phenomenon. "Every atom belonging to me as good belongs to you," Walt Whitman exulted in the golden age of chemistry — the new science he saw as "the elevating, beautiful, study… which involves the essences of creation." Meanwhile, the development of cell theory was revolutionizing biology, making of this philosophical field as old as Aristotle an even newer science that illuminated the essence of life. Cells became to biology what atoms were to chemistry. Biology ushered in the revelation that every cell belonging to me as good — as healthy, as vital, as fit for replication — belongs to you.

That delicate interdependence of life and lives, with its tangled roots in biology and cultural history, is what Eula Biss explores in On Immunity: An Inoculation (public library) — a book of penetrating and poetic insight, drawn with that rare scholarship capable of correcting the warped cultural hindsight we call history; a book of staggering foresight, conceived in the wake of the H1N1 flu pandemic, yet speaking with astonishing prescience to the complex epidemiological realities and social dynamics of the COVID-19 pandemic unfolding more than five years after its publication...

https://www.brainpickings.org/2021/03/19/eula-biss-on-immunity/?s=02

Tuesday, March 16, 2021

"The Lessons of the Pandemic" (1919)

In 1919, the journal Science published "The Lessons of the Pandemic," assessing what was learned from the Spanish flu. A hundred-plus years of medical progress later, the same challenges remain. https://t.co/fzmSIoXL5Z
(https://twitter.com/NYTScience/status/1371815489224212483?s=02)

CDC identifies public-health guidance from the Trump administration that downplayed pandemic severity

Federal health officials have identified several controversial pandemic recommendations released during the Donald Trump administration that they say were "not primarily authored" by staff and don't reflect the best scientific evidence, based on a review ordered by its new director.

The review identified three documents that had already been removed from the agency's website: One, released in July, delivered a strong argument for school reopenings and downplayed health risks. A second set of guidelines about the country's reopening was released in April by the White House and was far less detailed than what had been drafted by the CDC and the Federal Emergency Management Agency. A third guidance issued in August discouraged the testing of people without covid-19 symptoms even when they had contact with infected individuals. That was replaced in September after experts inside and outside the agency raised alarms...

https://www.washingtonpost.com/health/2021/03/15/cdc-removes-some-trump-era-guidance/

14 Lessons for the Next Pandemic

We asked doctors, scientists, public health experts and health advocates to take a look back — what would they redo, if they could?

One year. More than 500,000 dead. What did the United States do wrong in handling Covid-19? What needs to be rethought? We asked scientists, public health experts and health advocates to tell us about mistakes, missed chances and oversights — and how to prepare for the next pandemic.

https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2021/03/15/science/lessons-for-the-next-pandemic.html?smid=em-share

Sunday, February 28, 2021

Regional disparities in COVID-19 mortality

For many statisticians, virologists, and public-health experts, the regional disparities in COVID-19 mortality represent the greatest conundrum of the pandemic. https://t.co/jceUvjwOAs
(https://twitter.com/NewYorker/status/1366103402850242569?s=02)

Tuesday, August 4, 2020

How the Pandemic Defeated America

A virus has brought the world's most powerful country to its knees.

Read More:
https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2020/09/coronavirus-american-failure/614191/?utm_source=atl&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=share

Monday, June 22, 2020

People Have Stopped Going to the Doctor. Most Seem Just Fine.

Do Americans really need the amount of treatment that our health care system is used to providing?

https://www.nytimes.com/2020/06/22/opinion/coronavirus-reopen-hospitals.html?smid=em-share

Sunday, June 21, 2020

Money, dinners and strip clubs: How pharmaceutical executives bribed doctors to prescribe dangerous fentanyl drugs - 60 Minutes - CBS News

https://www.cbsnews.com/news/opioid-epidemic-pharmaceutical-executives-60-minutes-2020-06-21/

Phil.Oliver@mtsu.edu

👣Solvitur ambulando

💭Sapere aude

Thursday, June 18, 2020

Tweet by Boston Review on Twitter

Boston Review

⁦‪@BostonReview‬⁩

Lillian Wald, a social services pioneer, coined the term "Public Health". She understood that an individual's health depended upon their community, and the community's on the individual.

But more than a century later, we still have not taken this to heart.bostonreview.net/gender-sexuali…

6/18/20, 2:52 PM

Download the Twitter app

Phil.Oliver@mtsu.edu

👣Solvitur ambulando

💭Sapere aude

Saturday, June 13, 2020

Human flourishing in an age of gene editing

Human Flourishing in an Age of Gene Editing
By: Erik Parens - editor, Josephine Johnston - editor
Narrated by: Wendy Tremont King, Chris Sorensen
Length: 12 hrs and 51 mins
Unabridged Audiobook
Release date: 04-28-20
Language: English
Publisher: Tantor Audio

Friday, June 5, 2020

When a Close Friend Has Doubts About Vaccinations

From The New York Times:

When a Close Friend Has Doubts About Vaccinations

Health experts offer ways to approach the charged topic when speaking with people you care about.

https://www.nytimes.com/2020/05/28/parenting/coronavirus-vaccine-parents.html?smid=em-share

Thursday, June 4, 2020

How the Protests Have Changed the Pandemic

“...mass gatherings, even those held outdoors, even with precautions, are potential super-spreader events—opportunities for a virus to explode through a population. In the past week, tens of thousands of Americans have taken to the streets in scores of cities to protest racial injustice and police brutality; by Wednesday, more than nine thousand had been arrested. Many of the cautious, phased reopening plans state governments had put in place have been upended. As a matter of racial justice, the case for protest is unequivocal: Floyd’s killing was grotesque, and the latest in a series. From a public-health perspective, however, the situation is more complex. Fragile progress toward containing the coronavirus has been threatened. Last month, we debated how far the virus could travel when we speak loudly, and how close together tables at restaurants should be; this month, we may learn how much virus is expelled from the nose and mouth when pepper spray irritates the lungs…” NY’er

Friday, May 15, 2020

Chronic attention

The Danger of Rushing Through Clinical Trials During the Coronavirus Pandemic

https://www.newyorker.com/news/q-and-a/the-danger-of-rushing-through-clinical-trials-during-the-coronavirus-pandemic?utm_source=onsite-share&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=onsite-share&utm_brand=the-new-yorker

Amid the Coronavirus Crisis, a Regimen for Reëntry

https://www.newyorker.com/science/medical-dispatch/amid-the-coronavirus-crisis-a-regimen-for-reentry?utm_source=onsite-share&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=onsite-share&utm_brand=the-new-yorker

Monday, May 11, 2020

Cartoon: News from the Coronaverse

https://www.dailykos.com/story/2020/5/11/1943860/-Cartoon-News-from-the-Coronaverse

Phil.Oliver@mtsu.edu

👣Solvitur ambulando

💭Sapere aude

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

The Medical Students Who Joined the Battle Against the Coronavirus

https://www.newyorker.com/science/medical-dispatch/the-medical-students-who-joined-the-battle-against-the-coronavirus?utm_source=onsite-share&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=onsite-share&utm_brand=the-new-yorker

Tuesday, May 5, 2020

The Political Consequences of Loneliness and Isolation During the Pandemic

When we should be thinking about the way we support one another's lives and questioning the very assumption that there is a giant monolith called the economy that requires our commitment and our resources more than public health and individual well-being do, we are pouring unimaginable monetary and intellectual resources into trying to buy and sacrifice our way to the economic status quo ante. When it should be clearer than ever that we are only as well as our sickest member, we are allowing health care to continue to function as a business, with minimal intervention.

https://www.newyorker.com/news/our-columnists/the-political-consequences-of-loneliness-and-isolation-during-the-pandemic?utm_source=onsite-share&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=onsite-share&utm_brand=the-new-yorker

"When it should be clearer than ever that we are only as well as our sickest member, we are allowing health care to continue to function as a business, with minimal intervention." Chains are no stronger than their weakest links. https://t.co/Iq9mESRaG0 via @NewYorker
— Phil Oliver (@OSOPHER) May 6, 2020

For 19 cents p/$1 more in taxes Danes get free health care & education, low poverty, homelessness, crime , inequality. They live two years longer than Americans. And they're the happiest people in the world. https://t.co/TBI1jr70J5
— Phil Oliver (@OSOPHER) May 8, 2020

Sunday, May 3, 2020

NYTimes.com: A Young Doctor, Fighting for His Life

From The New York Times: A Young Doctor, Fighting for His Life “I just went down on my knees,” his mother recalled later. “I just implored God for mercy.” https://www.nytimes.com/2020/05/02/opinion/sunday/young-doctor-coronavirus.html?smid=em-share

Tuesday, April 28, 2020

What the Coronavirus Crisis Reveals About American Medicine

https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2020/05/04/what-the-coronavirus-crisis-reveals-about-american-medicine?utm_source=onsite-share&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=onsite-share&utm_brand=the-new-yorker

Subscribe to: Posts (Atom)

TEXTS Spring 2025

BIOETHICS: THE BASICS (Campbell) ”the word ‘bioethics’ just means the ethics of life”... BEYOND BIOETHICS (Obasogie) “Bioethics’ traditional emphasis on individual interests such as doctor-patient relationships, informed consent, and personal autonomy is minimally helpful in confronting the social and political challenges posed by new human biotechnologies”... THE PREMONITION (Lewis) "The characters you will meet in these pages are as fascinating as they are unexpected. A thirteen-year-old girl’s science project on transmission of an airborne pathogen develops into a very grown-up model of disease control. A local public-health officer uses her worm’s-eye view to see what the CDC misses, and reveals great truths about American society"... WHAT WE OWE THE FUTURE (MacAskill) "argues for longtermism: that positively influencing the distant future is our time’s key moral priority. It’s not enough to reverse climate change or avert a pandemic. We must ensure that civilization would rebound if it collapsed; counter the end of moral progress; and prepare for a planet where the smartest beings are digital. If we make wise choices now, our grandchildren will thrive, knowing we did everything we could to give them a world full of justice, hope and beauty"... THE CODE BREAKER: Jennifer Doudna, Gene Editing, and the Future of the Human Race (Isaacson) "we are entering a life-science revolution... Should we use our new evolution-hacking powers to make us less susceptible to viruses? ...Should we allow parents, if they can afford it, to enhance the height or muscles or IQ of their kids? After helping to discover CRISPR, Doudna became a leader in wrestling with these moral issues..."

JPO bio

The author of "William James's Springs of Delight: The Return to Life, (VU Press, 2001) " Phil Oliver specializes in the American philosophical tradition with supporting interests in applied ethics (particularly Bioethics and Environmental Ethics), Anglo-American literature, history, humanism, naturalism, science and exploration, peripatetic ("walking & talking") philosophy, baseball, cycling, swimming, the pursuit of happiness, and the perpetual dawn of day. One of his favorite MTSU courses is The Philosophy of Happiness. He is academic advisor for minors in American Culture (American Studies), and a founding board member and current President of the William James Society (wjsociety.org). You can follow him on Bluesky (@osopher.bsky.social), Substack (philoliver.substack.com) and on his blogsite Up@dawn (jposopher.blogspot.com) but of course, as Immanuel Kant and Monty Python's Brian Cohen agreed: You don't have to follow anybody. "Sapere aude," have the courage to think for yourself. But not BY yourself. Good philosophy collaborates and converses.

Some past texts

Autism in novels...

On Immunity: An Innoculation (Biss) “If we imagine the action of a vaccine not just in terms of how it affects a single body, but also in terms of how it affects the collective body of a community, it is fair to think of vaccination as a kind of banking of immunity.”

Gratitude (Oliver Sacks) “Oliver Sacks was like no other clinician, or writer. He was drawn to the homes of the sick, the institutions of the most frail and disabled, the company of the unusual and the ‘abnormal.’ He wanted to see humanity in its many variants and to do so in his own, almost anachronistic way—face to face, over time, away from our burgeoning apparatus of computers and algorithms. And, through his writing, he showed us what he saw.” -Atul Gawande, author of Being Mortal

Being Mortal: Medicine and What Matters in the End (Gawande) “We’ve been wrong about what our job is in medicine. We think it is to ensure health and survival. But really it is to enable well-being. And well-being is about the reasons one wishes to be alive.”

Bioethics-pick a chapter (Singer & Kuhse)

Bioethics: Principles, Issues, and Cases-pick a chapter (Vaughn, 2d ed)

Brave New Bioethics (Pence)-"These short pieces range widely over topics including reproductive and therapeutic cloning, assisted reproduction, organ donation, assisted suicide, genetically modified foods and public health care costs. Pence contends that the media have often misrepresented human cloning by reporting that it would produce an identical person to the donor. In fact, he argues, a human clone can never be an exact copy of the donor because the clone will grow up in different social and parenting environments. Pence also argues for lifting the ban on federally funded fertility research on embryos to benefit infertile couples for whom in vitro fertilization is too expensive..."

The Case Against Perfection: Ethics in the Age of Genetic Engineering (Sandel) “When science moves faster than moral understanding, as it does today, men and women struggle to articulate their unease…”

The Cosmic Serpent: DNA and the Origins of Knowledge (Narby) "This adventure in science and imagination, which the Medical Tribune said might herald 'a Copernican revolution for the life sciences,' leads the reader through unexplored jungles and uncharted aspects of mind to the heart of knowledge..."

The Echo Maker (Richard Powers, fiction) "Following a near-fatal accident, Mark Schluter is nursed by his reluctant sister. But when he emerges from his coma, Mark believes that this woman – who looks, acts, and sounds just like his sister – is really an identical impostor. As a famous neurologist investigates his condition, Mark tries to learn what really happened the night of his accident..."

Enough: Staying Human in an Engineered Age (McKibben)-"Reporting from the frontiers of genetic research, nanotechnology and robotics, he explores that subtle moral and spiritual boundary that he calls the "enough point." Presenting an overview of what is or may soon be possible, McKibben contends that there is no boundary to human ambition or desire or to what our very inventions may make possible. In an absorbing and horrifying montage of images, he depicts microscopic nanobots consuming the world and children born so genetically enhanced that they will never be able to believe that they reach for the stars as pianists or painters or long-distance runners because there is something unique in them that has a passion to try..."

Ethics at the End of Life (Oxford Handbook of)-"This handbook explores the topic of death and dying from the late twentieth to the early twenty-first centuries, with particular emphasis on the United States. In this period, technology has radically changed medical practices and the way we die as structures of power have been reshaped by the rights claims of African Americans, women, gays, students, and, most relevant here, patients. Respecting patients' values has been recognized as the essential moral component of clinical decision-making. Technology's promise has been seen to have a dark side: it prolongs the dying process..."

Every Third Thought: On Life, Death, and the Endgame (McCrum) "This is a deeply personal book of reflection and conversation – with brain surgeons, psychologists, hospice workers and patients, writers and poets, and it confronts an existential question: in a world where we have learnt to live well at ..."

The Handmaid's Tale (Margaret Atwood)

Human Enhancement (Savulescu and Bostrom)

Oryx and Crake (Margaret Atwood, fiction) "...an unforgettable love story and a compelling vision of the future. Snowman, known as Jimmy before mankind was overwhelmed by a plague, is struggling to survive in a world where he may be the last human, and mourning the loss of his best friend, Crake, and the beautiful and elusive Oryx whom they both love."

The Politics of Life Itself: Biomedicine, Power, and Subjectivity in ther 21st Century (Rose) "offers a much-needed examination of recent developments in the life sciences and biomedicine that have led to the widespread politicization of medicine, human life, and biotechnology."

Superintelligence: Paths, Dangers, Strategies (Bostrom)

Patient H.M. : A Story of Memory, Madness, and Family Secrets (Dittrich) “Oliver Sacks meets Stephen King”* in this propulsive, haunting journey into the life of the most studied human research subject of all time, the amnesic known as Patient H.M., a man who forever altered our understanding of how memory works—and whose treatment raises deeply unsettling questions about the human cost of scientific progress."

The Checklist Manifesto: How to Get Things Right(Gawande) "The modern world has given us stupendous know-how. Yet avoidable failures continue to plague us in health care, government, the law, the financial industry—in almost every realm of organized activity. And the reason is simple: the volume and complexity of knowledge today has exceeded our ability as individuals to properly deliver it to people—consistently, correctly, safely. We train longer, specialize more, use ever-advancing technologies, and still we fail."

Ordinarily Well: The Case for Antidepressants (Peter Kramer)

The Gene: An Intimate History (Mukherjee)

Generosity (Richard Powers, fiction) A young woman's extraordinary capacity for cheer prompts a geneticist and advocate for genomic enhancement (a la Craig Venter) to exploit her and "announce the genotype for happiness."

The Emperor of All Maladies: A Biography of Cancer (Mukherjee)

The Art of Aging: A Doctor's Prescription for Well-Being (Nuland)

How We Die: Reflections on Life's Final Chapter (Nuland)

How We Live (Nuland)

Humanity Enhanced: Genetic Choice and the Challenge for Liberal Democracies (Russell Blackford)-". Some see the possibility of genetic choice as challenging the values of liberal democracy. Blackford argues that the challenge is not, as commonly supposed, the urgent need for a strict regulatory action. Rather, the challenge is that fear of these technologies has created an atmosphere in which liberal tolerance itself is threatened. Focusing on reproductive cloning, pre-implantation genetic diagnosis of embryos, and genetic engineering, Blackford takes on objections to enhancement technologies..."

The Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks (Skloot)

Orfeo (Richard Powers, fiction) "Composer Peter Els opens the door one evening to find the police on his doorstep. His home microbiology lab - the latest experiment in his lifelong attempt to find music in surprising patterns - has aroused the suspicions of Homeland Security... an Internet-fueled hysteria erupts..."

Principles of Biomedical Ethics-pick a chapter (Beauchamp & Childress)

Well and Good: A Case Study Approach to Health Care Ethics (Thomas et al)-"presents a combination of classic and little-known cases in health care ethics. These cases, accompanied by information about the major ethical theories, give students a chance to grapple with the ethical challenges faced by health care practitioners, policy makers, and recipients... includes an expanded discussion of feminist ethics, as well as new cases addressing pandemic ethics, humanitarian aid, the social determinants of health, research and Aboriginal communities, and a number of other emerging issues."

From Here to Eternity: Traveling the World to Find the Good Death (Caitlin Doughty)-see "Dead Weight" in links...

The River of Consciousness (Oliver Sacks)-The River of Consciousness is one of two books Sacks was working on up to his death, and it reveals his ability to make unexpected connections, his sheer joy in knowledge, and his unceasing, timeless project to understand what makes us ...

Polio: An American Story (Oshinsky)-"the gripping story of the polio terror and of the intense effort to find a cure, from the March of Dimes to the discovery of the Salk and Sabin vaccines"

Animal Rights: A Very Short Introduction

Medical Ethics: A Very Short Introduction

Life 3.0: Being Human in the Age of Artificial Intelligence (Tegmark)-“All of us—not only scientists, industrialists and generals—should ask ourselves what can we do now to improve the chances of reaping the benefits of future AI and avoiding the risks. This is the most important conversation of our time, and Tegmark’s thought-provoking book will help you join it.” —Professor Stephen Hawking

Dawn of the New Everything: Encounters With Reality and Virtual Reality (Jaron Lanier)-The AI pioneer reminds us again that we're not gadgets, but can use gadgets like AI to reinforce our humanity.

It's Not Dark Yet: A Memoir (Fitzmaurice)-"Written using an eye-gaze computer, this is an unforgettable book about relationships and family, about what connects and separates us as people, and, ultimately, about what it means to be alive."

The Bright Hour (Riggs)-"a book about looking death squarely in the face and saying 'this is what will be'... urges us to live well and not lose sight of what makes us human: love, art, music..."

When Breath Becomes Air (Kalinithi) "At the age of thirty-six, on the verge of completing a decade’s worth of training as a neurosurgeon, Paul Kalanithi was diagnosed with stage IV lung cancer. One day he was a doctor treating the dying, and the next he was a patient struggling to live. And just like that, the future he and his wife had imagined evaporated. When Breath Becomes Airchronicles Kalanithi’s transformation from a naïve medical student “possessed,” as he wrote, “by the question of what, given that all organisms die, makes a virtuous and meaningful life” into a neurosurgeon at Stanford working in the brain, the most critical place for human identity, and finally into a patient and new father confronting his own mortality."

Dying: A Memoir (Taylor)-"At the age of sixty, Cory Taylor is dying of melanoma-related brain cancer. Her illness is no longer treatable: she now weighs less than her neighbor's retriever. As her body weakens, she details the experience—the vulnerability and strength, the courage and humility, the anger and acceptance—of knowing she will soon die. Written in the space of a few weeks, in a tremendous creative surge, this powerful and beautifully written memoir is a clear-eyed account of what dying teaches..."

The Drug Hunters: The Improbable Quest to Discover New Medicines(Kirsch, Ogas)-"Big Pharma conglomerates spend billions on state-of-the-art labs staffed by PhD's to discover blockbuster drugs [but] luck, trial-and-error, risk, and ingenuity are still fundamental to medical discovery..."

Heavens on Earth: The Scientific Search for the Afterlife, Immortality, and Utopia (Shermer)-"concludes with an uplifting paean to purpose and progress and how we can live well in the here-and-now, whether or not there is a hereafter."

Zero K (Don Delillo, fiction) "...Ross is the primary investor in a remote and secret compound where death is exquisitely controlled and bodies are preserved until a future time when biomedical advances and new technologies can return them to a life of transcendent promise... 'We are born without choosing to be. Should we have to die in the same manner? Isn’t it a human glory to refuse to accept a certain fate?'”

Doctors, by Anne Sexton

They work with herbs
and penicillin.
They work with gentleness
and the scalpel.
They dig out the cancer,
close an incision
and say a prayer
to the poverty of the skin.
They are not Gods
though they would like to be;
they are only human
trying to fix up a human.
Many humans die.
They die like the tender,
palpitating berries
in November.
But all along the doctors remember:
First do no harm.
They would kiss if it would heal.
It would not heal.

If the doctors cure
then the sun sees it.
If the doctors kill
then the earth hides it.
The doctors should fear arrogance
more than cardiac arrest.
If they are too proud,
and some are,
then they leave home on horseback
but God returns them on foot.

“Doctors” by Anne Sexton from The Awful Rowing Toward God. © Houghton Mifflin, 1975. WA

	Julian Baggini (@microphilosophy)
1/19/18, 4:22 AM Transhumanism explained a 2.5 minute animation. @bbcideas bbc.com/ideas/videos/h…

	Five Books (@five_books)
Epidemiology is as old as Hippocrates. The Chinese experimented with immunisation in 1000 BC. buff.ly/2fMuxOw == More 5 books recommendations on health... == 5 books: genetics... genes...

Up@dawn 2.0

Monday, March 22, 2021

Tuesday, March 16, 2021

Sunday, February 28, 2021

Tuesday, August 4, 2020

Monday, June 22, 2020

Sunday, June 21, 2020

Thursday, June 18, 2020

Saturday, June 13, 2020

Human Flourishing in an Age of Gene Editing

Friday, June 5, 2020

Thursday, June 4, 2020

What the Protests Mean for the Course of the Pandemic

Friday, May 15, 2020

Monday, May 11, 2020

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

Tuesday, May 5, 2020

Sunday, May 3, 2020

Tuesday, April 28, 2020

From Google to Blogger